Neuroprotective Role of Polyphenols in the Treatment of Neurological Disorders

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are most common disorders that are mostly described by progressive dysfunctioning of the neurons in the brain. Genetic mutations and various biological processes can lead to the NDs. The NDs like Alzheimer’s (AD), Parkinson’s (PD) and Multiple sclerosis (MS) are related to the oxidative stress (OS). Reduction of the neuronal activity with increasing the elderly population has become greater health problem and causes numerous pathophysiological alterations and it is crucial risk aspect for many of neurodegenerative diseases. Raised levels of the (ROS) reactive oxygen species can lead to the death of neuronal cell therefore, decreased levels ROS are significant to retain the normal functions of the neurons. Indeed, the synthetic drugs are widely used to treat the neurological disorders but they are shown to have the side effects. In the treatment of various NDs, benefits of using the polyphenols have been suggested by the various studies because of their minute side effects. In this review, neuroprotective effects of the polyphenols like resveratrol, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, curcumin, and quercetin in PD, AD and MS and signaling pathways as well as regulation of the immune response via polyphenols are discussed.